International Journal of Dentistry Research 2020; 5(2): 81-85 DOI:10.31254/dentistry.2020.5211

Research Article

Prevalence of malocclusion and occlusal traits of Malay adults (18-23 years) in Shah Alam, Malaysia

Majda Elfseyie¹ , Mohamed I. Abu Hassan² , Nagham Mohammed Abdullah Al-Jaf³

Majda Elfseyie,Mohamed I. Abu Hassan,Nagham Mohammed Abdullah Al-Jaf

1. Lecturer, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Benghazi, UOB, Benghazi, Libya
2. Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA,Selangor, Malaysia
3. Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 13th October, 2019 / Accepted: 2nd July, 2020 / Published : 30th August, 2020

Abstract

Background: The incidence of malocclusion varies among countries, ethnicities, races, and ages. The recognition of malocclusion incidence is an important role in planning public health services. Aims: To assess the occlusal features of Malaysian Malay adults aged 18-23 years. However, few epidemiological studies have been conducted in Malaysia and a little information is available on Malay malocclusion. Methods: A total sample of 191 subjects (73 males and 118 females) was examined to register the occlusal status by using Angle classification as normal occlusion, Class I, Class II/1, Class II/2 and Class III malocclusion. Other variables were recorded such as overbite, over-jet, crowding, spacing, midline diastema, crossbite, scissors bite, midline shifts, canine displacement, missing teeth, supernumerary teeth, traumatically fractured teeth, traumatic gingival contact, tongue thrust and lip coverage. Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics were used for all measurements and the chi-square test was used for gender differences. Results: Class III was the most predominant with gender significant (P < 0.05). Class II/2 was the lowest incidence (1%). Overall, the anterior crowding was high (75.9%). There was a significant association between crossbite, scissors bite and genders (P < 0.05). The anterior crossbite was more commonly associated with Class III and the antero-posterior unilateral crossbite was found only in subjects with Class III. Conclusion: The incidence of Class III was higher in Malay; therefore, the orthodontic management of Class III would be more common in the clinic so that it is necessary to start a plan to promote the preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment in Malay population.