International Journal of Dentistry Research 2025; 10(2): 47-53 DOI:10.31254/dentistry.2025.10205

Review Article

The Other Side of Success: Complications in Periodontal Therapy

Sheryl Dolly.A¹ , Arunmozhi Ulaganathan² , R. Kadhiresan³ , Priyadarsini Sekar⁴ , S. Deepa⁴ , Meenakshi A⁴

Sheryl Dolly.A,Arunmozhi Ulaganathan,R. Kadhiresan,Priyadarsini Sekar,S. Deepa,Meenakshi A

1. Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental college & Hospital, Thalambur, Chennai600130, Tamil Nadu, India
2. Professor and HOD, Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental college & Hospital, Thalambur, Chennai600130, Tamil Nadu, India
3. Professor, Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental college & Hospital, Thalambur, Chennai- 600130, Tamil Nadu, India
4. Reader, Department of Periodontics, Sri Venkateswara Dental college & Hospital, Thalambur, Chennai- 600130, Tamil Nadu, India

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received: 26th April, 2025 / Accepted: 8th July, 2025 / Published : 31st August, 2025

Abstract

Periodontal therapy, encompassing both surgical and non-surgical approaches, is associated with a range of potential complications that can significantly influence treatment success and patient satisfaction. These complications may arise due to various factors, including inadequate sterilization, procedural trauma, technique sensitivity, and patient-specific considerations. Commonly encountered issues include bleeding, postoperative pain, swelling, root hypersensitivity, delayed wound healing, bruising, taste disturbances, and transient tooth mobility. Non-surgical modalities such as scaling and root planing, local drug delivery, and splinting may occasionally lead to allergic reactions, soft tissue irritation, or worsening of the periodontal condition. Surgical interventions—ranging from flap surgeries and bone grafting to sinus lifts, ridge augmentation, and LASER procedures—pose risks related to anesthesia, wound closure, infection, and healing disturbances. Improper sterilization further elevates the risk of postoperative infections and adverse outcomes. The effective management of these complications relies on timely diagnosis, appropriate clinical intervention, and comprehensive postoperative care. Additionally, clear communication with patients regarding potential risks and expected healing trajectories plays a pivotal role in ensuring optimal outcomes. This narrative review highlights the importance of clinician awareness, risk mitigation, and diligent follow-up in enhancing the overall efficacy of periodontal treatments and advancing clinical practice standards.